[19980210]96-949ENR_环境再授权和监管改革：从第104届国会到第105届国会.pdf

Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS Web96-949 ENRUpdated February 10, 1998Environmental Reauthorizations and RegulatoryReform: From the 104 Congress to the 105ththJohn E. BlodgettEnvironment and Natural Resources Policy DivisionSummaryThe 104 Congress pursued efforts to reform environmental regulations on severalthfronts: (1) revising regulatory decisionmaking processes; (2) attaching specific reformsto funding bills; (3) establishing a House corrections day calendar of bills addressingspecific regulatory problems; and (4) incorporating regulatory reforms into individualprogram reauthorization bills. Bills were enacted requiring regulators to assessregulatory impacts and unfunded mandates, but after extended legislative battles themost comprehensive reform proposals and many appropriations riders failed passage ofboth Chambers or else fell to vetoes. However, compromise bills reforming the SafeDrinking Water Act and pesticides regulation were overwhelmingly approved.The 105 Congress has pursued regulatory reform in four primary directions: (1)thproposals to establish a comprehensive cost-benefit/risk analysis framewo