[19980326]97-917_疾病资助和NIH优先设置.pdf

CRS Report 97-126, Federal R&D Funding Trends in Five Agencies: NSF, NASA, NIST,1DOE (Civilian) and NOAA, coordinated by Michael E. Davey.CRS Report 95-96, The National Institutes of Health: An Overview, by Pamela W. Smith.2Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS Web97-917 STMUpdated March 26, 1998Disease Funding and NIH Priority SettingJudith A. JohnsonSpecialist in Life SciencesScience, Technology, and Medicine DivisionSummaryResearch at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has strong political support, buta heated debate rages over the allocation of NIH funds among various diseases. NIHcontends that decisions are made based on scientific opportunity while critics of the NIHprocess charge that spending often follows current politics and political correctness.The ongoing effort to balance the federal budget has reduced overall federal researchand development (R&D) funding. Between FY1995 and FY1997 total civilian R&Ddeclined 4.1% in real terms. Although overall federal R&D spending is down over the1past several years, one sector of the federal R&D effort has been protected. Biomedicalresearch funding at the National