[20030417]RS21234_艾默生人道主义信托基金：背景和当前问题.pdf

1 The Trust is named in honor of the late Representative Bill Emerson of Missouri who servedas ranking member of the House Select Committee on Hunger. Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code RS21234Updated April 17, 2003The Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust:Background and Current Issuesnae redactedSenior Specialist in Agricultural PolicyResources, Science, and Industry DivisionSummaryThe Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust is becoming a critical component of the U.S.response to humanitarian food emergencies in Africa, Iraq, and elsewhere. The Trust,as presently constituted, was enacted in the 1998 Africa Seeds of Hope Act (P.L. 105-385). It replaced the Food Security Commodity Reserve established in 1996 and itspredecessor the Food Security Wheat Reserve of 1980. The Trust is a reserve of up to4 million metric tons of wheat, corn, sorghum and rice that can be used to help fulfillP.L. 480 food aid commitments to developing countries under two conditions: (1) tomeet unanticipated emergency needs in developing countries, or (2) when U.S. domesticsupplies are short. The Trust can also hold funds. Administration propo