[20031205]RS21079_海事安保：问题概述.pdf

1For further information on this topic, see: CRS Report RL31733, Port and Maritime Security:Background and Issues for Congress; and CRS Report RS21293, Terrorist Nuclear Attacks onSeaports: Threat and Response.2Report of the Interagency Commission on Crime and Security in U.S. Seaports, Fall 2000, p.63.Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code RS21079Updated December 5, 2003Maritime Security: Overview of IssuesJohn F. FrittelliAnalyst in TransportationResources, Science, and Industry DivisionSummaryIn the wake of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, port security hasemerged as a significant part of the overall debate on U.S. homeland security. Manysecurityexpertsbelieveportsarevulnerabletoterroristattackbecauseoftheirsize,easyaccessibility by water and land, and the tremendous amount of cargo they handle. Toraiseportsecuritystandards,CongresspassedtheMaritimeTransportationSecurityActof 2002 (P.L. 107-295) in November 2002. In the 108thCongress, there is growingdebateaboutwhethercurrenteffortstoimproveportsecurityareproceedingatsufficientpace and whether the nation is devotingenough resources for this