[20040604]RS21298_信用评分：开发、使用和政策问题.pdf

Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code RS21298Updated June 4, 2004Credit Scores:Development, Use, and Policy IssuesPauline SmaleEconomic AnalystGovernment and Finance DivisionSummaryCredit scores and credit scoring systems were created to provide a tool to evaluatethe creditworthiness of prospective borrowers. There are a variety of credit-scoringstatistical models, each employing complex formulas to generate credit scores. Firstused for certain forms of consumer credit (auto loans and credit cards), credit scoringcame into common use in the mortgage lending business a decade ago. More recently,credit scores are being used by non-credit-related industries, such as insurance, toevaluate risk and predict behavior. The use of credit scores has streamlined thedecision-making process of the lender which can result in more rapid access to credit forthe consumer. At the same time, pervasive use of credit scoring has raised concernsabout consumer awareness of and access to credit scores as well as the consistency andaccuracy of scoring systems. The 108th Congress held a series of hearings on renewingthe Fair Credi