[20050502]RS22132_查达之后的立法否决权.pdf

Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code RS22132May 2, 2005Legislative Vetoes After Chadhaname redactedSenior Specialist in Separation of PowersGovernment and Finance DivisionSummaryIn INS v. Chadha, 462 U.S. 919 (1983), the Supreme Court struck downCongresss use of the “legislative veto,” a device used for half a century to controlcertain activities in the executive branch. Congress had delegated power to executiveofficials on the condition that Congress could control their decisions without having topass another law. These legislative controls, short of a public law, included one-housevetoes, two-house vetoes, and committee vetoes. Congress no longer relies on one-house or two-house vetoes, but committee and subcommittee vetoes continue to be apart of executive-legislative accommodations. This report will be updated as eventswarrant.The Chadha CaseCongress often enacts limitations, prohibitions, and provisos in statutes that preventagencies from engaging in certain actions or activities. In INS v. Chadha, 462 U.S. 919(1983), the Supreme Court addressed a particular type of “legislative veto,” an oversightm