[20060215]RS22378_俄罗斯切断了对乌克兰的天然气供应：背景和影响.pdf

Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code RS22378February 15, 2006Russias Cutoff of Natural Gas to Ukraine:Context and ImplicationsJim Nichol and Steven WoehrelForeign Affairs, Defense, and Trade DivisionBernard A. GelbResources, Science, and Industry DivisionSummaryThis report examines issues surrounding Russias request for higher prices fornatural gas that it exports to Ukraine, which culminated in Russias temporary cutoff ofsupplies to Ukraine in January 2006. Implications for the two countries and for U.S.interests are explored. The report may be updated as events warrant. Related productsinclude CRS Report RL32845, Ukraines Orange Revolution and U.S. Policy, by StevenWoehrel; and CRS Issue Brief IB92089, Russia, by Stuart D. Goldman.Background: Russian Energy and PipelinesRussia is a major player in world energy markets. In 2004, its 1,700 trillion cubic feet(tcf) of natural gas reserves were the largest of any country; they are 74% greater than thoseof Iran, holder of the next largest reserves. Russia also is the worlds largest gas producer, theworlds largest gas exporter, and the second largest oil exp