[20060628]RS20072_14岁及以上儿童或学生的标准扣除额和个人抚养金额.pdf

Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code RS20072Updated June 28, 2006Standard Deduction andPersonal/Dependency Amounts for ChildrenAge 14 and Over or Studentsname redacted Analyst in Public Sector EconomicsGovernment and Finance DivisionSummaryGenerally, a taxpayer is allowed one exemption for each person claimed as adependent. The taxpayer can claim the dependent if the individual meets five tests fordependency. As a result of the Working Families Tax Relief Act of 2004, the tests forcertain dependents, children, were simplified when a uniform definition of a qualifyingchild was adopted. A taxpayer may claim dependency exemptions for children 19through 23 years of age who are full-time students at least five months during the year.Between 1954 and 1986, it was possible for both a parent and his or her child orfull-time student to claim the childs or students personal/dependency exemption.Under a provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (TRA86), if the parent claimed theexemption, the child or dependent student could not claim their own personalexemption. However, the TRA86 also provided a standard deduction