[20080617]RS22899_全球气候变化：谈判情况.pdf

1 For more detailed background and discussion of these issues, see CRS Report RL33826,Climate Change: The Kyoto Protocol, “Bali Action Plan,” and International Actions, by SusanR. Fletcher and Larry Parker.Order Code RS22899June 17, 2008Global Climate Change: Status of NegotiationsSusan R. FletcherSpecialist in International Environmental PolicyResources, Science, and Industry DivisionSummaryIn December 2007, the parties to the United Nations Framework Convention onClimate Change (UNFCCC) held their 13th annual meeting in Bali, Indonesia, and beganthe process of working toward an agreement/treaty that would succeed the KyotoProtocol to the UNFCCC when it expires in 2012. The Protocol includes a mandate fora reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 38 developed/industrialized nationsto an average of some 5% below their 1990 levels over the commitment period 2008-2012. The outcome of this “conference of the parties” (COP-13) in 2007 was the “BaliAction Plan,” outlining considerations to be taken up in negotiations during thefollowing two years. A “decision” is to be negotiated and finalized at the partiesmeeting (COP-15) at the end of 2009 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Whether this d