[20080909]RS21663_政府资助企业（GSE）：机构概述.pdf

1 CRS Report RL30533, The Quasi Government: Hybrid Organizations with Both Governmentand Private Sector Legal Characteristics, by Kevin R. Kosar.Order Code RS21663Updated September 9, 2008Government-Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs): An Institutional OverviewKevin R. KosarAnalyst in American National GovernmentGovernment and Finance DivisionSummaryCongress chartered government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) to improve theworkings of credit markets. This report briefly describes the nature of GSEs, theirmixed governmental-private nature, the differences between GSEs and governmentagencies, and the arguments for and against GSEs. This report will be updated as eventswarrant. What Is a Government-Sponsored Enterprise?A number of organizations fall between the categories of private sector andgovernmental entities.1 One type of quasi-governmental organization is the “government-sponsored enterprise” (GSE). For the purpose of budgetary treatment, Congress hasdefined the term “government-sponsored enterprise” in the Omnibus Reconciliation Actof 1990 to refer to a corporate entity created by a law of the United States that (A) (i) has a Federal charter authorized by law;(ii) is privately owned, a