[20141124]IF00044_埃博拉病毒：2014年西非疫情.pdf

November 24, 2014 Ebola: 2014 Outbreak in West Africa Overview In March 2014, an outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) began in Guinea. It spread to Liberia in the same month and to Sierra Leone a month later. An EVD outbreak that began in Nigeria in July was contained in August. In that same month, a case was detected and contained in Senegal. Health officials are working to contain an outbreak that began in Mali in October. As of November 20, Mali has reported six cases, including five deaths. The current EVD outbreak is the largest, most persistent one ever documented, and is the first in West Africa. As of November 21, more than 15,000 people had contracted EVD and nearly 5,500 had died (Figure 1). Infection rates are declining in Liberia, are stable or rising in various parts of Guinea, and are accelerating in Sierra Leone. Figure 1. Global Ebola Outbreaks: 1976-2014 Source: Created by Tiaji Salaam-Blyther based on WHO data. There have been 20 medical evacuations of international medical workers to developed countries infected in Guinea, Liberia, or Sierra Leone (the “affected countries”), seven to the United States and 13 to Europe. Until October, all EVD cases outside of We