[20141219]IF10022_《全球健康安全议程》（2014-2019年）和《国际卫生条例》（2005年）.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated December 19, 2014The Global Health Security Agenda and International Health RegulationsIntroduction In recent years, a succession of new and reemerging infectious diseases have caused outbreaks and pandemics that have affected thousands of people worldwide: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS, 2003), Avian Influenza H5N1 (2005), Pandemic Influenza H1N1 (2009), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV, 2013), and the ongoing Ebola outbreak in West Africa. In 2005, the World Health Assembly (WHA), the governing body of the World Health Organization (WHO), amended the International Health Regulations (IHR) to expand the scope of the IHR from the original three diseases (cholera, plague, and yellow fever) to include new, emergent, and re-emergent diseases, as well as other non-infectious disease agents; define core public health preparedness and response capacities necessary for ensuring global capacity to detect, assess, report, and respond to public health threats; and designate national points of contacts to ensure adherence to the regulations. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is the U.S. point of contact. Th