[20150922]IN10343_加拿大2015年10月选举.pdf

CRS INSIGHTCanadas October 2015 ElectionsSeptember 22, 2015 (IN10343) |Related Policy IssueNorth America: Canada and Mexico |Peter J. Meyer, Analyst in Latin American Affairs (pmeyercrs.loc.gov, 7-5474)Ian F. Fergusson, Specialist in International Trade and Finance (ifergussoncrs.loc.gov, 7-4997)Canadas next election is scheduled for October 19, 2015. It is being held at a time of slowing economic growth and ongoing controversies over anti-terrorism legislation and Canadas role in combating the Islamic State. The outcome of the election may have implications for the United States, which is Canadas largest trading partner, largest energy consumer, and NATO ally (see CRS Report 96-397, Canada-U.S. Relations).Electoral SystemCanada is a constitutional monarchy (Elizabeth II is Queen of Canada) with a bicameral Westminster-style Parliament that includes an elected House of Commons and an appointed Senate. In the upcoming election, 338 Members of Parliament will be elected from individual districts (ridings) under a first-past-the-post system, which only requires a plurality of the vote to win a seat. The party winning the most seats typically gets the first chance to form a government.