[20151028]IN10322_美联储：支付给商业银行的股息.pdf

CRS INSIGHTFederal Reserve: Dividends Paid to Commercial BanksOctober 28, 2015 (IN10322) |Related Policy IssueMonetary Policy and the Federal Reserve Related AuthorsMarc LabonteM. Maureen Murphy |Marc Labonte, Specialist in Macroeconomic Policy (mlabontecrs.loc.gov, 7-0640)M. Maureen Murphy, Legislative Attorney (mmurphycrs.loc.gov, 7-6971)This Insight provides background on dividends paid to banks by the Federal Reserve (Fed), which would be reduced in the Senate-passed highway trust fund bill (H.R. 22) as a budgetary offset. All nationally chartered commercial banks are required to, and state-chartered commercial banks have the option to, become member banks of the Federal Reserve System. In 2014, 1,065 national banks and 858 state banks were members. To finance the creation of the Fed, the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 required member banks to purchase stock issued by the Fed paying a dividend of 6%, which has not been changed since. Member banks are required to purchase (pay in) stock equal to 3% of their capital, and the Fed has the option to call in an additional 3%. The Fed records paid-in stock as capital on its balance sheet. At the end of 2014, member banks had paid-in stoc