[20151119]IF10326_TPP：选定商品对美国农业的影响.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov November 19, 2015TPP: Selected Commodity Impacts for U.S. AgricultureIn evaluating the potential implications of the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) free-trade agreement for U.S. food and agriculture, an important consideration is that exports make a substantial contribution to the sector. Exports absorb about 20% of total farm output, thereby contributing materially to higher commodity prices and farm income. The positive ripple effects from farm trade to the sector extend beyond farmers and ranchers to rural communities; farm input industries that provide seed, fertilizer, and machinery; and commodity processors and food manufacturers with a stake in foreign markets. Exports may also contribute to higher input prices for food to the extent that additional foreign demand is not met by an increase in domestic supplies, although commodity costs amount to a fraction of overall retail food prices. Rising farm productivity, market-oriented U.S. farm policies, and the prospect of competing for faster-growing food markets in many developing countries contributed to broad support in U.S. agriculture for pursuing a TPP agreement. On initial read, it