[20151223]IF10330_非洲野生动物偷猎：概述.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated December 23, 2015Wildlife Poaching in Africa: An OverviewOverview Wildlife poaching occurs in many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, a region rich in biodiversity. Many African wildlife species are poached for their body parts or bushmeat. While poaching operations vary in complexity, scope, and scale, those that involve the illegal killing of elephants and rhinos are reportedly often carried out by sophisticated, highly organized, and well-armed criminal groups. In recent years, an increase in demand in Asia has driven a surge in poaching and trafficking of African elephant ivory and rhino horn, threatening the long-term sustainability of these species. These trends have contributed to growing international concern about the problem and a desire by some in Congress to reexamine existing approaches to combating wildlife crime. African Elephants. African elephant populations range across 35 to 38 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, with most known populations located in Southern and East Africa (home to 55% and 28% of the continents elephants, respectively). Global levels of poaching and illegal trade in ivory increased in the mid-2000s and peaked