[20160212]IN10444_非裔美国人美国巡回法院和地区法院法官的任命：历史概况和当前数据.pdf

CRS INSIGHTAppointment of African American U.S. Circuit and District Court Judges: Historical Overview and Current DataFebruary 12, 2016 (IN10444) | Related AuthorBarry J. McMillion |Barry J. McMillion, Analyst in American National Government (bmcmillioncrs.loc.gov, 7-6025)This CRS Insight provides historical and statistical information related to the appointment of African Americans as U.S. circuit and district court judges. Such information addresses ongoing congressional interest in the demographic characteristics of lower federal court judges. Previous CRS analysis examines other racial groups and additional demographic characteristics, such as gender.The first African American to be appointed to a lower federal judgeship authorized by Article III of the U.S. Constitution was William H. Hastie, appointed by President Truman in 1949 to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit (comprised of Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). Judge Hastie initially received a recess appointment from President Truman, but was later confirmed by the Senate in 1950.U.S. Circuit CourtsJudge Hastie remained the sole African American circuit court judge until the ap