[20160418]IF10353_蚊子、寨卡病毒与传播生态学.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated April 18, 2016Mosquitoes, Zika Virus, and Transmission EcologyThe Zika virus is transmitted primarily by mosquitoes, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have identified some cases of human-to-human transmittal. The two species of mosquitoes most commonly associated with transmitting the virus are the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti, or YFM) and Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus, or ATM). This report will focus on the ecology of the two mosquito species and briefly discuss methods used or proposed either to control their populations or to limit their ability to transmit viruses. Control methods could require compliance with a variety of federal or state statutes and regulations; such statutes generally have special provisions regarding human health and safety. For a discussion of human health issues, see CRS Report R44368, Zika Virus: Basics About the Disease, and CRS Insight IN10433, Zika Virus: Global Health Considerations. Mosquito Ecology Neither mosquito is native to the Western Hemisphere. YFM is native to Africa, and ATM is from Southeast Asia. Only females bite; blood proteins are then used in egg develop