[20160516]IF10406_货币汇率政策和世界贸易组织补贴协定.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov May 16, 2016Currency Exchange Rate Policies and the World Trade Organization Subsidies AgreementSome Members of Congress have expressed concerns that foreign countries are “manipulating” their currencies through their exchange rate policies. Such concerns have focused on policies that are seen as weakening the value of the countries currencies against the U.S. dollar. Some commentators have suggested that these practices amount to an export subsidy. They argue that although that subsidy may benefit U.S. consumers through lower prices, it may also harm U.S. import-competing firms and their workers. Legislation introduced in the 114th Congress would amend Title VII of the Tariff Act of 1930, 19 U.S.C. 1671 et seq., to treat an undervalued currency as an export subsidy under U.S. trade law; describe a methodology to determine how much the currency is undervalued (i.e., the subsidy); and apply that calculation for the imposition of countervailing duties (CVDs). E.g., H.R. 820; S. 433. If enacted, such legislation could ultimately allow the U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC) to impose CVDs on certain injurious imports from foreign countries whose currencie