[20160601]IF10414_性别收入差距 .pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov June 1, 2016The Gender Earnings Gap Women earn less, on average, than men. This earnings differentialoften called the gender earnings gapis a significant concern for policymakers, and it raises questions about gender equity in labor markets as well as the implications of the gap for national economic performance. Figure 1. Ratio of Womens to Mens Median Annual Earnings, 1964-2014 Full-time, Year-Round Workers Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Historical Income Tables, Table P-40, at http:/www.census.gov/hhes/www/income/data/historical/people/ Note: A full-time, year-round worker is a person who worked 35 or more hours per week and 50 or more weeks during the previous calendar year. Figure 1 plots the ratio of womens to mens annual median earnings from 1964 to 2014, using U.S. Census Bureau data. This ratio is a summary measure of the gender earnings gap, which in practice takes on a range of values that vary across occupations and worker characteristics. Nonetheless, Figure 1 illustrates several points of interest: Womens median annual earnings are lower than mens throughout the entire 1964-2014 period; The ratio of womens-to-mens median annual earnings ro