[20160902]IF10016_太空探索.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated September 2, 2016Space ExplorationOverview The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is the primary federal agency for civil space programs. The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) also operate civil satellites. The U.S. commercial space industry provides equipment and services to both the government and the private sector. Several federal agencies have regulatory and other roles in commercial space. NASA With a budget of $19.3 billion in FY2016, NASA develops and operates both manned and unmanned spacecraft. It also has programs in aeronautics research and education. Legislation in the 113th and 114th Congresses In the 113th Congress, committees in both chambers developed NASA reauthorization bills. The House bill (H.R. 4412) passed the House in June 2014. The Senate bill (S. 1317) was reported by the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation in December 2014 but did not receive floor action. The most contentious issue for both bills was the authorization of appropriations, but both also contained numerous policy provisions about the scope, direction, and