[20161117]IF10502_海地：霍乱、联合国和马修飓风.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated November 17, 2016Haiti: Cholera, the United Nations, and Hurricane MatthewHurricane Matthew hit Haiti on October 4, 2016, causing widespread damage and flooding and leaving 1.4 million people in need of immediate assistance. Observers are concerned that the country might experience a surge in cholera reminiscent of the 2010 outbreak that claimed the lives of thousands of people. Prior to the 2010 earthquake, there had been no cholera cases in Haiti for at least a century. According to various scientific reports, cholera was introduced into Haiti by peacekeepers in the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH). Since then, cholera has infected almost 800,000 Haitians and killed over 9,000. Although the United Nations (U.N.) has taken action to control the 2010 outbreak and subsequent epidemic, numerous groups contend that the agency has not responded strongly enough. Thousands of victims and their families have filed legal claims demanding reparations. In August 2016, U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon said that the U.N. has a “moral responsibility” to the epidemics victims and announced a new program to support them, though the