[20161201]IF10531_21世纪的国内能源挑战.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov December 1, 2016Domestic Energy Challenges in the 21st CenturyOverview Advances in technology have dramatically increased U.S. oil and natural gas production (Figure 1). This increase has important policy implications for energy markets, infrastructure, security, and the environment. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) projects that electricity demand will continue growing, with generation fuel shifting further away from coal toward natural gas and renewables. An increase in electricity demand would put strain on transmission capacity. How best to leverage all domestic energy supplies (fossil fuels, renewables, and nuclear) to promote economic growth while balancing the economic, environmental, and security tradeoffs inherent to energy use is an enduring question. In the 114th Congress, the House and Senate debated major energy legislation addressing topics such as energy efficiency, pipeline permitting, exports, and energy development on federal land, among other topics. If enacted, S. 2012 would have been the most comprehensive energy legislation in nearly 10 years. The conference committee has met, but there are significant differences in