[20170407]IF10631_美国国务院的“异议渠道”.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov April 7, 2017The U.S. Department of States “Dissent Channel”Two recently leaked Dissent Channel messages pertaining to the Obama Administrations policy toward Syria and the Trump Administrations first travel ban on seven Muslim-majority countries have helped facilitate broader political debate and scrutiny of both policies. Congresss decisions regarding the Department of States Dissent Channel messages, including the questions of whether Congress should receive notification of, or even access to, such messages may impact the nature of the Departments deliberations on paramount foreign policy issues and how its employees use the Dissent Channel. What Is the Dissent Channel? The U.S. Department of State (DOS) has long maintained an internal communications procedure known as the “Dissent Channel.” According to DOSs Foreign Affairs Manual (FAM), the Dissent Channel allows any U.S. citizen employee of DOS or USAID to “express dissenting views on substantive issues of policy in a manner which ensures serious, high-level review, and response” by the Secretary of State and senior officials. The FAM conveys codified statutory, executive orders, and mandates w