[20170828]IF10718_农场法案入门：第一篇商品计划.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov August 28, 2017Farm Bill Primer: Title I Commodity ProgramsBackground Commodity programs have historically been an essential part of U.S. farm policy by virtue of their long history (dating back to the 1930s). However, the specific program design and the list of eligible commodities have varied over time with changing market and policy conditions. Provisions of Title I, the “Commodity Title,” of the 2014 farm bill (Agricultural Act of 2014, P.L. 113-79), authorize current commodity price and income support programs for crop years 2014 through 2018. (For details, see CRS Report R43448, Farm Commodity Provisions in the 2014 Farm Bill (P.L. 113-79).) U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) commodity programs are funded through the Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC). (For details, see CRS Report R44606, The Commodity Credit Corporation: In Brief.) Producers must meet eligibility requirements (see below) to participate in the Title I commodity programs and are subject to annual payment limits. (For details, see CRS Report R44739, U.S. Farm Program Eligibility and Payment Limits.) Two Tiers of Market-Based Support For major program crops (Table 1), the princ