[20170830]IN10740_变性服务人员：国会的政策转变和考虑.pdf

CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Transgender Servicemembers: Policy Shifts and Considerations for Congress Kristy N. Kamarck Analyst in Military Manpower Updated August 30, 2017 A series of Twitter posts on July 26, 2017, by President Donald J. Trump indicated a planned shift in Department of Defense (DOD) policy on service in the Armed Forces by transgender individuals. A Presidential Memorandum to the Secretaries of Defense and the Homeland Security (as parent agency to the U.S. Coast Guard) followed on August 25, 2017, outlining the new policy parameters with respect to uniformed DOD and Coast Guard personnel. Background: Policy Evolution Prior to 2016, DOD policy treated the physical and psychological aspects of transgender conditions as (1) grounds for the discharge of existing servicemembers, and (2) a disqualifying condition for new accessions through enlistment or commissioning. On June 30, 2016, then-Secretary of Defense Ashton Carter announced that “transgender Americans may serve openly, and they can no longer be discharged or otherwise separated from the military just for being transgender.” DODs concomitant policy issuance (DODI 1300.28), eff