[20170908]IF10728_风暴过后：公路重建和恢复力.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov September 8, 2017After the Storm: Highway Reconstruction and ResilienceIn the immediate aftermath of natural disasters, such as Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, the first road recovery efforts are focused on clearing roads, establishing detours, erecting temporary bridges, and other short-term measures to get the road network up and running. However, Congress and the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) have encouraged that the planning for permanent repairs consider ways to make damaged road infrastructure more resilient to reduce the risk of additional damage in future disasters. DOT defines resilience as “the capability to anticipate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from significant multi-hazard threats with minimum damage to social well-being, the economy, and the environment.” DOT requires a risk-based analysis to be used when “designing and constructing repairs to ensure they are cost effective and reduce the potential for future losses.” The Emergency Relief Program Most major roads and bridges are part of the federal-aid highway system and are therefore eligible for disaster assistance under the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Emerge