[20170924]IF10625_碳温室气体的社会成本：国会议题.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated September 24, 2017Social Costs of Carbon/Greenhouse Gases: Issues for CongressOn March 28, 2017, President Trump issued Executive Order 13783, “Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth.” It states that “it is essential that agencies use estimates of costs and benefits in their regulatory analyses that are based on the best available science and economics.” His order then effectively withdrew the federal “social costs of greenhouse gases” (SC-GHG), a tool to monetize the climate-related benefits of federal regulations and programs that would reduce GHG emissions. The withdrawn SC-GHG could also have been used to estimate the climate-related costs of revising or rescinding regulations that would increase GHG emissions. Executive Order 12866, issued in 1993 by President Clinton, required most agencies to consider the costs and benefits of economically significant rules and to ensure that the benefits of each rule justify the costs. A 2008 federal appeals court ruled that, despite acknowledged uncertainty, federal agencies must monetize climate-related benefits in their regulatory impact analyses. To comply, agencies used their own, vary