[20171011]IF10750_农场法案入门：乳品安全网.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov October 11, 2017Farm Bill Primer: Dairy Safety NetThe 2014 farm bill (P.L. 113-79) made significant changes to the structure of U.S. dairy support programs by repealing the Dairy Product Price Support Program (DPPSP), the Milk Income Loss Contract, and the Dairy Export Incentives Program. Instead, the bill established two new programsthe Margin Protection Program (MPP) and the Dairy Product Donation Program (DPDP). Many dairy stakeholders believe MPP has not functioned as envisioned and are looking to the 2018 farm bill to adjust the program or find alternatives that strengthen the safety net for milk producers. Prior Dairy Policy The federal policy goal has been to support producer incomes by supporting the farm price of fluid milk. However, fluid milk is highly perishable. As a result, federal programs have supported milk prices indirectly by offering to buy storable dairy products (e.g., powdered milk, butter, or cheese) at support prices set in fluid-milk equivalents. Federal dairy price supports were first established in 1949 and were modified in subsequent legislation, including the 2008 farm bill (P.L. 110-246), which established the DPPSP, wh