[20171020]IF10760_乍得.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov October 20, 2017ChadOverview Chad, a landlocked country twice the size of Texas, has had a turbulent history marked by conflict since independence from France in 1960. The country lies in a politically unstable region, bordered by Libya, Sudan, the Central African Republic (CAR), Cameroon Niger, and Nigeria. Its diverse population includes predominantly Muslim Arab and other semi-nomadic ethnic groups in the arid north and east, and mostly agrarian groups practicing Christianity and traditional beliefs in the south. President Idriss Dby, who seized power in an armed rebellion in 1990, was reelected to a fifth term in April 2016. Chad is among the worlds poorest countries, despite significant oil reserves. Instability and poor governance have hindered development. A 2010 agreement between Chad and Sudan, which had for years engaged in a proxy war by backing rebel groups in each others territory, has reduced conflict in Chad, but former rebel groups periodically threaten to resume their armed struggle against Dby. Without the support of Sudan or the former Qadhafi regime in Libya, the rebels capacity to challenge the government may be limited. Chad has