[20180108]IF10801_可能对伊朗实施的额外制裁.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov January 8, 2018Possible Additional Sanctions on IranOverview For nearly four decades, U.S. sanctions have constituted a key component of U.S. policy toward Iran. U.S. “secondary sanctions” on foreign firms that conduct transactions with Iran have been a significant feature of those sanctions since 1996. The July 2015 multilateral nuclear agreement with Iran (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, JCPOA) resulted in a broad easing of multilateral sanctionsand U.S. secondary sanctionson Irans core economic sectors. Language in the JCPOAs preamble, as well as in Paragraph 26 of the document, commits the United States and other parties to the JCPOA to “refrain from” imposing new “nuclear-related” sanctions similar to those that have been lifted, or re-imposing sanctions lifted to implement the JCPOA. “Nuclear-related sanctions” are widely interpreted to mean sanctions on Irans core economic sectors (banking, energy, shipping, insurance, auto production, and other manufacturing), because the U.N. Security Council, in Resolution 1929 (June 2010), authorized member states to impose sanctions on those sectors in order to compel Iran to negotiate limitations on