[20180205]IF10821_普赖斯·安德森法案：放射性释放后的核电行业责任限额和公众赔偿.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov February 5, 2018Price-Anderson Act: Nuclear Power Industry Liability Limits and Compensation to the Public After Radioactive ReleasesSince the establishment of the nuclear power industry in the 1950s, the issue of how to handle nuclear accident liability has been regularly debated in Congress. From the beginning, it was argued that commercialization of nuclear energy would require liability limits for electric utilities and reactor suppliers. Congress responded in 1957 by passing the Price-Anderson Act, which added Section 170 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2210). The law established accident liability limits for the nuclear industry and a mechanism to ensure that damage compensation would be readily available within those limits. The Price-Anderson liability system, despite many major amendments over the years, is still largely in place today. Critics of the Price-Anderson Act contend that its liability limits protect the nuclear power industry from paying the full cost of potential major accidents. Those critics view Price-Anderson as an unjustified subsidy for nuclear power that distorts energy markets. However, supporters of the Pric