[20180323]IF10852_防务基础：国防营运资金.pdf

www.crs.gov | 7-5700 March 23, 2018Defense Primer: Defense Working Capital FundsA Department of Defense (DOD) working capital fund (DWCF) is a type of revolving fund used to finance operations that function like commercial business activities, (e.g., equipment maintenance, supply and storage activities, and transporting equipment and people). According to the DOD Financial Management Regulation 7000.14-R, revolving fund accounts finance a “continuing cycle of business-type operations” by incurring obligations and expenditures that generate receipts. DWCFs are used throughout the department in an effort to efficiently provide services or industrial capabilities. Revolving funds are often considered to have several benefits. First, they operate without fiscal year limitations (i.e., amounts in a WCF do not expire). Second, they facilitate the aggregation of orders, allowing the government to leverage its purchasing power. Finally, they allow for the establishment of supply inventories that can lead to reduced delivery times. How Do Working Capital Funds Work? When establishing a WCF, Congress typically provides a direct appropriation to the fund (the initial appropriation and positi