[20180612]IF10909_国际麻醉品贩运制裁：概述 .pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov June 12, 2018International Narcotics Trafficking Sanctions: An Overview Overview The Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) within the U.S. Department of the Treasury administers and enforces economic sanctions that target foreign entities and persons for their activities related to terrorism, narcotics trafficking, and other threats to the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States. Two of OFACs sanctions programs specifically address drug trafficking. Then-President Bill Clinton ordered the first in 1995 to target the drug trafficking threat emerging from Colombia. Congress enacted the second in 1999 to expand the scope of drug trafficking sanctions globally. As of June 2018, OFAC lists 1,209 unique drug trafficking-related individuals and 1,170 entities for sanction (excluding aliases and removals). Executive Order 12978 On October 21, 1995, the President signed Executive Order (E.O.) 12978, “Blocking Assets and Prohibiting Transactions with Significant Narcotics Traffickers.” E.O. 12978 sought to combat drug trafficking by targeting traffickers illicit wealth. Based on authorities in the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C