[20180702]LSB10164_党派划分选区：最高法院就诉讼地位提供指导并维持法律现状.pdf

CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Legal SidebarLegal Sidebari i Partisan Gerrymandering: Supreme Court Provides Guidance on Standing and Maintains Legal Status Quo July 2, 2018 In a redistricting case that some predicted could have resulted in a “blockbuster” ruling, Gill v. Whitford, the Supreme Court issued a more limited, yet still consequential decision. On June 18, 2018 the Supreme Court ruled that in order to establish standing to sue upon a claim of unconstitutional partisan gerrymandering on the basis of vote dilution, challengers must allege injuries to their interests as voters in individual districts. (Vote dilution arises when district boundaries devalue one citizens vote as compared to others and is accomplished by “packing” certain voters into a few districts, so that they win elections by large margins, and “cracking” certain voters among several districts, so that they fail to achieve a voting majority.) Because the challengers in Gill alleged statewide harm to voters of a particular political partythat is, to voters throughout the state who support the Democratic Partywithout establishing proof of injury to specific voters within a particu