[20180822]IF10953_农业拨款：动植物健康 .pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov August 22, 2018Agriculture Appropriations: Animal and Plant Health The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), an agency within the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), is responsible for protecting U.S. agriculture from domestic and foreign pests and diseases. APHIS also responds to domestic animal and plant health risks and facilitates agricultural trade by enforcing sanitary and phytosanitary science-based standards. Prominent disease and pest concerns include avian influenza, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease”), foot-and-mouth disease, and invasive plant pests, such as emerald ash borer and spotted lanternfly (Table 1). APHIS also administers federal activities under the Animal Welfare Act that protects animals in research and public exhibitions and under USDAs Wildlife Services Program to protect against threats to wildlife health. In addition, APHIS is the lead U.S. federal agency for reporting disease and/or pest outbreaks to the World Organization for Animal Health (also known as OIE). APHIS partners with state and federal agencies, tribes, universities, nongovernmental organizations, and private entities to achi