[20180824]IN10398_FDIC存款保险评估和准备金率.pdf

CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress FDICs Deposit Insurance Assessments and Reserve Ratio Raj Gnanarajah Analyst in Financial Economics Updated August 24, 2018 The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (P.L. 111-203; Dodd-Frank Act) changed the minimum deposit insurance reserve ratio to 1.35% from 1.15% and required the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to meet the increased reserve ratio by 2020. The Dodd-Frank Act also required the FDIC to offset the effects of the higher reserve ratio of 1.35% on banks with assets of less than $10 billion. The FDIC Board of Directors approved a final rule in March 2016 to meet this requirement by 2018. The approved plan changes how the assessments are apportioned between large and small banks. Deposit Insurance Fund Deposit insurance guarantees the repayment of deposits at a bank up to the insured limit ($250,000). It is intended to prevent bank runs and reduce the risk of systemic failure in the banking system. Member banks pay deposit insurance premiums (called assessments) to the FDIC, which maintains the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) to meet its obligations of insuring deposits and resolv