[20180917]IF10980_农场法案入门：联邦农作物保险.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov September 17, 2018Farm Bill Primer: Federal Crop InsuranceBackground Since its inception in 1938, federal crop insurance has grown from an ancillary program with low participation to a central pillar of federal support for agriculture. From 2008 to 2017, the direct costs of the federal crop insurance program totaled about $74 billion in current dollars. For FY2018 through FY2027, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) projects that crop insurance will cost about $77 billion, the highest projected cost for an individual U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) program not related to nutrition, assuming extension of current law (Figure 1). Figure 1. Projected Cumulative Farm Bill Spending Source: CRS using CBO baseline projections from June 2017. Notes: CBO bases its projections on the extension of current law through the projection period. Nutrition programs include the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program and others. The “Other” category in this figure includes farm bill programs supporting trade, horticulture, research, energy, rural development, and forestry. Program Operation Since 1980, federal crop insurance has operated through a shared publ