[20181005]IF10996_美国-墨西哥-加拿大协议的农业条款.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov October 5, 2018Agricultural Provisions of the U.S.-Mexico-Canada AgreementOn September 30, 2018, the Trump Administration announced an agreement with Canada and Mexico to replace the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). USMCA, if finalized, will allow food and agriculture products to “trade more fairly,” according to the U.S. Trade Representative, and will expand exports of U.S. agricultural goods. While USMCA includes provisions that address many sectors, this report summarizes the agriculture and sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) provisions of the agreement. The President is expected to sign USMCA on November 30, 2018, before sending the agreement and implementing legislation to Congress for approval. It must also be approved by the governments of Canada and Mexico. Canada and Mexico were the first- and third-leading export markets for U.S. agriculture and food products by value in 2017, worth $20.6 billion and $18.6 billion, respectively. Since NAFTA was signed in 1993which eliminated most tariffs on agricultural goods sold among the three countriesthe value of U.S. agricultural trade w