[20181017]LSB10206_美国和“世界法院” .pdf

CRS Legal Sidebar Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Legal SidebarLegal Sidebari i The United States and the “World Court” October 17, 2018 The Trump Administration recently announced plans to reevaluate the United States role before the International Court of Justice (ICJ)commonly called the “World Court.” This year, Iran and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO, designated as “Palestine” or “State of Palestine” within the U.N. system) initiated separate proceedings against the United States at the international tribunal. After the ICJ made a preliminary determination, over the United States objections, that it had jurisdiction to hear Irans claims, the Trump Administration announced that the United States will withdraw from the treaties on which both the Iran and PLO cases are based. The Administration also stated that it will review all other international agreements “that may still expose the United States” to ICJ jurisdiction. Some prior presidential Administrations have taken similar actions to narrow the ICJs jurisdiction. Several decades ago, the Reagan Administration withdrew U.S. recognition of the ICJs compulsory jurisdiction over a broad range of inte