[20181127]IN11001_重新审视加倍努力：物理科学和工程基础研究的联邦资金趋势.pdf

CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress INSIGHTINSIGHTi i Revisiting the Doubling Effort: Trends in Federal Funding for Basic Research in the Physical Sciences and Engineering John F. Sargent Jr. Specialist in Science and Technology Policy November 27, 2018 The adequacy of federal investment in physical sciences and engineering (PS&E) basic research is a long-standing concern of many in industry and academia. This topic received much attention in the early 2000s due to perceived underinvestment in these disciplines. Many Members of Congress, industry leaders, and science and technology policy analysts asserted that the long-term competitive position and national security of the United States depended in large measure on the rapid increases in federal funding for PS&E. PS&E research provides the foundation for materials, products, and manufacturing technologies spanning a wide range of industries, including automotive, chemicals, semiconductors, electronics, telecommunications, aerospace, defense, and pharmaceuticals. Stakeholder interest in increasing federal PSE funding was further fueled by the doubling of funding for life sciences research at the National Ins