[20181218]IF10023_国会审查法案（CRA）.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated December 18, 2018The Congressional Review Act (CRA)Overview What is the CRA? The CRA (codified at 5 U.S.C. 801-808) is a tool Congress can use to overturn certain federal agency actions. The CRA was enacted as part of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act in 1996. The CRA requires agencies to report the issuance of “rules” to Congress and provides Congress with special procedures, in the form of a joint resolution of disapproval, under which to consider legislation to overturn rules. If a CRA joint resolution of disapproval is approved by both houses of Congress and signed by the President, or if Congress successfully overrides a presidential veto, the rule at issue cannot go into effect or continue in effect. What is a rule under the CRA? The CRA adopts the broadest definition of a “rule” contained in the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), with three exceptions. Definition of a “Rule” Under the CRA The APA definition of a rule (5 U.S.C. 551) is “the whole or a part of an agency statement of general or particular applicability and future effect designed to implement, interpret, or prescribe law or policy.” The CRA excludes t