[20181228]IF10573_联邦矫正改革和2018年第一步法案.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated December 28, 2018Federal Correctional Reform and the First Step Act of 2018The size of the federal prison system has grown significantly since the beginning of the 1980s. The number of convicted offenders under the Bureau of Prisons (BOPs) jurisdiction has decreased in each of the past four fiscal years, but even with the recent decrease, the number of federal prisoners in FY2017 (185,617) was six times greater than was it was in FY1980 (24,640). During the same time, the population of the United States increased by 44%. Although the federal prison population decreased from FY2013 to FY2017, appropriations for BOP continued to increase through FY2016. The BOPs appropriations, adjusted for inflation, increased by $6.5 billion from FY1980 ($871 million) to FY2018 ($7.326 billion). During this time, the BOPs expanding budget consumed a larger share of the Department of Justices overall annual appropriations. Concerns about the financial and social costs of incarcerating a growing number of federal inmates have generated interest among some policymakers about ways to reduce the federal prison population while maintaining public safety. Aside from