[20181231]IF11059_美国国际粮食援助概述.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov December 31, 2018Overview of U.S. International Food AssistanceThe U.S. government administers multiple international food assistance programs that aim to alleviate hunger and improve food security around the world. Some of these programs provide emergency assistance to people affected by conflict or natural disaster. Other programs provide non-emergency assistance to help communities improve agricultural productivity and strengthen local food systems. This In Focus provides an overview of international food assistance programs, including legislative authority, funding trends, statutory requirements, and select potential issues for Congress. International Food Assistance Delivery The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) administer U.S. international food assistance programs. These agencies provide assistance through two distinct methodsin-kind and cash-based. In-kind aid involves purchasing U.S. commodities and shipping them to regions in need. Cash-based assistance provides recipients with direct cash transfers, food vouchers, or locally and regionally procured food (LRP). Under LRP, food comes