[20190212]IF11104_索尔顿海管理和恢复工作.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov February 12, 2019Salton Sea Management and Restoration EffortsThe Salton Sea in Southern California is the states largest inland body of water. The Salton Sea was created when a canal gate broke in 1905, allowing Colorado River water into the basin. It is now sustained by agricultural runoff from farmlands in the Imperial and Coachella Valleys. Though saltier than the ocean, it provides permanent and temporary habitat for many species of plants and animals, including several endangered species. It also serves as a recreational area for the region. The Salton Sea has been altered by increasing salinity and decreasing size caused by steadily decreasing water flows into the sea (in part due to a reduction in Colorado River water used for irrigation). High salinity and shrinking lake area have been linked to habitat changes and stressed populations of plants and animals, economic losses in the region, and impaired air quality. Figure 1. Map of Salton Sea and Vicinity Source: California Legislative Analysts Office, The Salton Sea: A Status Update, August 29, 2018. State and federal agencies have studied how best to manage the Salton Sea in a sustainable m