[20190522]LSB10300_州和联邦当局实施疫苗接种要求的概述.pdf

CRS Legal Sidebar Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Legal SidebarLegal Sidebari i An Overview of State and Federal Authority to Impose Vaccination Requirements May 22, 2019 According to the latest available data from the Centers for Disease Control and Protection (CDC), 7 states in the United States are currently in the midst of 10 separate measles outbreaks. With 880 total confirmed cases so far this year, 2019 now has the greatest number of reported cases of measles since 1994 and since measles was declared eliminated in the United States in 2000. These cases, the majority of which involves unvaccinated individuals, follows a number of notable measles outbreaks over the past several years, including an outbreak of 383 cases in 2014 among unvaccinated Amish communities in Ohio and another multi-state outbreak of 147 cases in 2015 linked to an amusement park in California. In addition to measles, for about every 5 years since 2006, outbreaks of other vaccine-preventable diseases, such as mumps, have also been reported in the United States. In light of these outbreaks and their association with unvaccinated individuals, this Sidebar provides an overview of the relevant