[20190812]IF11289_农场政策：2018年和2019年MFP计划的比较.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov August 12, 2019Farm Policy: Comparison of 2018 and 2019 MFP ProgramsDuring 2018 and 2019, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced two rounds of trade aid valued at a combined $28 billion. USDA is using its authority under the Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Charter Act to establish and fund the trade aid packages. The 2018 and 2019 trade aid packages provide both direct and indirect assistance for farmers affected by “trade damage” from retaliatory tariffs. For information on the trade aid packages, see CRS Report R45865, Farm Policy: USDAs 2019 Trade Aid Package. The largest subsidy program under both the 2018 and 2019 trade aid packages is the Market Facilitation Program (MFP), which provide direct payments to producers of “trade damaged” commodities, valued at a combined $24.5 billion (Table 1). The MFP outlays are in addition to USDAs traditional farm support programs (see CRS In Focus IF11163, 2018 Farm Bill Primer: The Farm Safety Net). USDAs Farm Service Agency administers MFP. In 2019, USDA made several modifications to the MFP payment structure, including increasing funding, expanding the list of eligible commodities, expandin