[20190903]IF11299_2019年气候变化与美国交通基础设施法案（s.2302）.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov September 3, 2019Climate Change and the Americas Transportation Infrastructure Act of 2019 (S. 2302)Highway, public transportation, and rail programs are authorized through FY2020 by the Fixing Americas Surface Transportation (FAST) Act (P.L. 114-94). In August 2019, the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works reported a bill that would reauthorize the highway elements of surface transportation programs from FY2021 through FY2025. The bill, S. 2302, the Americas Transportation Infrastructure Act of 2019, would be the first surface transportation authorization act to include major provisions that address climate change. Surface transportation is a major source of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, the main human-related greenhouse gas (GHG) contributing to climate change. At the same time, the effects of climate change, such as extreme heat, sea level rise, and stronger storms, pose a threat to transportation infrastructure. S. 2302 seeks to address these two aspects of climate change with mitigation provisions that aim to reduce GHG emissions from surface transportation and adaptation provisions that aim to make the surface transportati