[20191129]IF11376_美国外国索赔解决委员会.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov November 29, 2019The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United StatesThe Foreign Claims Settlement Commission (FCSC or Commission) offers an avenue to provide compensation to Americans who suffered harm due to the acts of foreign governments. U.S. nationals (citizens, individuals who owe permanent allegiance to the United States, and U.S. corporations) that are injured by foreign governments often do not have a forum to pursue damages in U.S. or foreign courts. In many cases, recourse may not be available in foreign judicial systems, and sovereign immunity often bars suits against foreign governments in U.S. courts. The FCSC provides a forum for U.S. nationals to pursue claims against foreign governments in some cases, but its authority is limited to select “programs.” Each program involves defined categories of claims against one or more specific countries. As of 2017, the FCSC and its predecessor commissions have exercised jurisdiction over more than 740,000 claims in 47 programs. It has granted nearly $4 billion in awards to U.S. nationals. Background and Origins The FCSC has its origins in two post-World War II claims commissions. In 194