[20200108]IF11167_USMCA：投资准备金.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated January 8, 2020USMCA: Investment ProvisionsThe United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) is a proposed free trade agreement (FTA) that, if approved by Congress and ratified by Canada and Mexico, would replace the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). USMCA would retain NAFTAs market-opening measures while adding or updating provisions in areas such as digital trade, intellectual property rights, and worker rights. The proposed agreement would make notable changes to NAFTAs investment provisionsmainly qualifying basic investor protections and limiting the degree to which foreign investors can bring complaints against their host states under the investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) mechanism. ISDS claims with Canada would be phased out entirely; those with Mexico would be more restricted than under NAFTA. Given the significant changes proposed and the importance of U.S. investment ties with Canada and Mexico, USMCAs investment provisions are an active part of congressional debate over the USMCA. NAFTAs Investment Provisions Enacted in 1994, NAFTA removed investment barriers, ensured basic investment protections, and provided mech